A New Approach to Prostate Cysts: Evaluating Transurethral Cyst Wall Resection

Introduction: Prostate cysts are a common reason for patients to seek care in urology clinics worldwide. Various treatment methods have been proposed, each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages. This study aims to investigate one such method: transurethral cyst wall resection. Materials and Methods: This case series was conducted in Iran between 2023 and 2024, involving 27 patients aged 34 to 81 years with prostate cysts who experienced bothersome symptoms of irritation and obstruction. These patients were unwilling to undergo conventional prostate surgery and sought drainage of the prostate cyst with minimal complications. Prior to surgery, all patients underwent comprehensive examinations. The patients then underwent transurethral resection of the cyst wall, after which a Foley catheter was inserted for 48 hours. The catheter was subsequently removed, and the patients were discharged. Follow-up evaluations were conducted one week after cyst resection, as well as at 6 and 12 months post-surgery. Results: The study found no significant complications during the follow-up examinations at one week, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery. Patients' Qmax levels increased significantly, while their IPSS scores decreased. No cases of retrograde ejaculation were observed. Cyst recurrence was noted in only one patient (3%). Additionally, signs of urethral stricture were observed in one patient during the 12-month follow-up. Discussion: Resection of the prostate cyst wall that has protruded into the prostatic urethra and bladder is a quick, accessible, and cost-effective method. It is associated with minimal complications following surgery and could serve as a viable alternative to more invasive and expensive treatment options currently available. Clinical trial number: Not applicable