Salmonella Induced Dat-Negative Autoimmune Haemolytic Anemia in a Pregnant Woman Complicated by Fetal Loss. Case Report and Literature Review

Infections during pregnancy present unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, particularly when rare immune complications arise during gestation. Haemolytic anaemia induced by Salmonella infection is a seldom-reported phenomenon, especially during gestation. We describe a 28-year-old previously healthy primigravida who presented at 32 weeks with acute gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella Group B and was subsequently diagnosed with direct antiglobulin test-negative (DAT-negative) autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA). Despite supportive care, antibiotics, and immunosuppressive therapy, the patient experienced an unexplained intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) at 36 weeks. This case underscores the importance of early recognition of atypical infectious sequelae in pregnancy, the diagnostic challenge of DAT-negative AIHA, and the potential feto-maternal consequences. We review the immunopathologic mechanisms, diagnostic considerations, and implications for antenatal care, advocating for heightened clinical vigilance and interdisciplinary management.