Pattern Synthesis for Uniform Linear and Concentric Elliptical Antenna-Arrays Using Kepler Optimization Algorithm

In this paper, a pattern synthesis method of uniform linear and concentric elliptical antenna-arrays using Kepler optimization algorithm (KOA) is proposed. The KOA, which utilizes the Kepler's laws to predict the position and velocity of planets at the arbitrary times, is firstly applied to deal with the optimization problems of the linear and elliptical antenna-arrays. The radiation patterns with high gain and low sidelobes level (SLL) are synthesized by optimizing the critical parameters (amplitude, phase, rotation) of the linear arrays. Moreover, a concentric elliptical array is designed to demonstrate the powerful search capability and optimization performances of the KOA in complex problems. In order to consider the mutual coupling between the elements accurately, the full-wave method of moments (MoM) is used to calculate the radiation characteristics of the arrays in the optimization method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is proved by the multiple typical examples. The results show that compared with the butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA), harris hawks optimization (HHO) and crayfish optimization algorithm (COA), the proposed method possesses the high gain and greater SLL suppression, which is suitable for various array types.