Comparison of Sexual Function in Women with Endometrial Cancer and Their Partners Following Surgery versus Brachytherapy: A Cross-Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Center

Background Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the female reproductive tract, with a globally increasing incidence and mortality rate. Standard treatment includes surgery, with adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy based on factors such as myometrial invasion and histological grade. Among these, the physical and psychological impact of radiotherapy, particularly brachytherapy on sexual health, is often underestimated. This study aimed to compare female sexual dysfunction and male partner sexual satisfaction in endometrial cancer patients who received surgery alone versus those who received additional brachytherapy. To our knowledge, this is the first study to comprehensively assess sexual function in both patients and their partners in this context. Methods Sixty-nine patients were included. Group 1 (n = 34) received adjuvant brachytherapy after surgery; Group 2 (n = 35) underwent surgery only. Participants completed a structured questionnaire including socio-demographic and clinical data, along with validated instruments: the Female Sexual Function Index and the New Sexual Satisfaction Scale for partners. Results The mean age was significantly higher in the brachytherapy group (61.71 ± 7.88 vs. 56.54 ± 8.74 years; p = 0.012). Gravidity (p = 0.029) and parity (p = 0.013) were also higher in this group, while body mass index was similar (p = 0.118). Female sexual function index scores [2 (2–20.3) vs. 2 (2–19.6); p = 0.459] and new sexual satisfaction scale scores [20 (20–83) vs. 20 (20–90); p = 0.492] showed no significant differences. Female sexual function index subdomain scores were also comparable. Tumor grade and stage significantly differed between groups, as did surgical approach and lymphadenectomy rates. Conclusion Sexual function was negatively affected in all endometrial cancer patients, with a more pronounced impact among those receiving brachytherapy and their partners. These findings highlight the need to consider sexual health in treatment planning and to implement supportive interventions such as psychosexual counseling, particularly for patients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy.