Case-Based Virtual Reality Simulation for Penetrating Facial Wound Suture Skill Training in Medical Students: Design and Pilot Study

Background Virtual Reality (VR) technology has become an essential preclinical training tool in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery education. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of VR simulation system for penetrating facial wound suture skill training. Methods 26 stomatology undergraduates were recruited to attend the preclinical training using the virtual training system. Students were asked to learn and practice the program for 5 consecutive days and complete the final test. The scores of each test were recorded and assessed to evaluate the effects of the training. Finally, a self-designed questionnaire was distributed to the students, and qualitative interviews were conducted to assess the applicability and acceptability of this virtual training system. Results Five steps of wound debridement and suture including “History and Physical Examination”, “Wound Inspection”, “Pre-operation preparation”, “Suturing”, “Post-operative instructions” as well as the total score were shown with statistically significant differences among the five training results. With the increased number of practices, the performance gradually improved. Most students agreed that this system helped them familiarize with the clinical procedure due to its simulation of the real clinical environment (88.46%) and increased the availability of time and space for practice without limitation (100%). Totally speaking, Most students (92.31%) agreed that the VR simulation was interesting and useful. Conclusions The case-based VR simulation software for penetrating facial wound suture skill training positively influences medical students’ clinical reasoning, operative skills, and self-confidence. It provides an efficient strategy for conserving resources while providing quality education for medical students.