The Trade of Wild Ornamental Plants in Traditional Markets of Mexico: Ethnobotanical Insights Into a Complex Socioecological System

Background In the traditional markets of Mexico, a wide variety of products are offered, many of which come from rural areas, including wild plants for ornamental, food, medicinal, and religious purposes. Since these markets represent the biological and cultural diversity of a specific region, the sale of wild plants is embedded in a socioecological system that integrates economic, social, and ecological aspects. However, research on this topic lacks insight into how these components are addressed and integrated to advance the theory of these systems. Here, we identified research trends in the trade of wild plants in traditional Mexican markets and assessed whether these studies have contributed to the theory of socioecological systems in understanding this phenomenon. Methods A literature review on the trade of wild plants in traditional markets in Mexico was conducted via major academic databases. Results Thirty-two articles focused on the trade in wild plants for medicinal, food, and ornamental uses. Most studies were carried out in Oaxaca, Puebla, and Mexico City. The most commonly used collection method has been semistructured interviews, which are often supplemented with direct observation. Conclusions While most studies focus on gathering ecological and biological information, there is a gap in the literature concerning this issue from a socioecological system perspective, which would allow for a more comprehensive understanding of its economic, social, and ecological dimensions. Additionally, certain theories used in ethnobotany are highly valuable for understanding the trade in wild plants from multiple perspectives.