Exploring Perspectives: A Survey on Healthcare Workers' Beliefs and Attitudes towards Transgender Care in the Emergency Department

Background Existing widespread social and economic marginalisation denies transgender people fair and decent healthcare, including prompt, courteous emergency medical assistance. This study aims to evaluate emergency medicine professionals in Pakistan regarding their knowledge, attitudes, and practices in transgender healthcare needs, as well as their perceptions and biases that may affect transgender emergency care. Methods This statewide, cross-sectional survey evaluated the knowledge and attitudes of emergency medicine physicians and nurses in Pakistan regarding transgender health by a self-administered online questionnaire disseminated over WhatsApp. A sample size of 187 was determined, and the sampling method was non-probability convenience sampling. The survey, developed through literature research and expert validation, encompasses elements of demographics, knowledge, and attitudes. The analysis of data was conducted utilising SPSS, incorporating both descriptive and inferential statistics. Ethical approval was secured, and anonymity, along with voluntary involvement, was maintained throughout the process. Results Among 110 emergency healthcare providers surveyed, 94.5% supported equal healthcare access for transgender individuals, yet only 19.1% had received specialised training. While 79.1% felt comfortable caring for transgender patients, 41.8% expressed uncertainty in managing such cases. Additionally, 52.7% identified public discrimination and 46.4% noted healthcare worker ignorance as major barriers. Only 11.8% reported the existence of institutional policies on transgender patient care. Conclusion The findings highlight a generally positive attitude among emergency healthcare providers in Pakistan toward transgender individuals, with strong support for equitable healthcare access and workplace inclusion. However, significant gaps in knowledge, formal training, and institutional policies were identified, contributing to provider uncertainty in clinical interactions. These results underscore the urgent need for structured educational programs and policy development to enhance culturally competent and inclusive care for transgender patients in emergency settings.