compartive study of antiicrobial properties of gold nanoparticles

Introduction Gold nanoparticles are known for its antimicrobial and immune response eliciting properties. It has been using for centuries in prevention of infectious diseases by increasing the immunity of the host. Objective The role of antibacterial therapy is the gold standard in all the established guidelines for prevention, mitigation, treatment and control of the known bacterial species which are harmful to human health. In this study we determined the antibacterial effectiveness of high dose of amoxicillin/potassium clavulnate and Gold nanoparticles(AuNPs) sourced from different pharmaceutical companies. Methodology After obtaining the informed written consent from the subject, culture swabs were obtained from the Fournier’s gangrene. The collected sample is made to grow on blood agar and MacConkey agar in ambient temperature of 37 ⁰ Celsius over 24 hours. The growth is observed and confirmed as Klebsiella pneumonia a Gram-negative, non-motile, encapsulated, lactose-fermenting, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium. Appearing as a mucoid lactose fermenter on MacConkey agar. Klebsiella pneumonia is isolated and inoculated on Mueller-Hinton Agar. The agar well diffusion method is carried out with 4 wellcontaining AuNPs I , AuNPs II , amoxicillin/potassium clavulnate and blank respectively. The results are observed after 24 hours and 48 hours of inoculation. Results The Agar well diffusion method containing AuNPs I , AuNPs II , amoxicillin/potassium clavulnate and blank respectively after 24 hours showed higher Zone of Inhibition for amoxicillin/potassium clavulnate rather than AuNPs I & II and no Zone of inhibition around the blank well. The Zone of Inhibition observed after 48 hours of inoculation is 23 mm for amoxicillin/potassium clavulnate, 18 mm for AuNPs I and 15 mm for AuNPs II. No Zone of inhibition is observed around blank even after 48 hours. Discussion and Conclusion The rate of diffusion of Gold nanoparticles in the particular agar is not known and due to heavy metal of gold and its insolubility property in water makes it difficult for liquid preparation. The zone of inhibition(ZOI), minimum inhibition concentration(MIC) of the gold nanoparticles are not well established. The accuracy of the agar well diffusion method for evaluation of antimicrobial property of gold nanoparticles is not yet standardized. Keeping all these limitations of this study we present our data about antimicrobial activity of gold nanoparticles against Klebsiella pneumonia is minimum as compared to amoxicillin/potassium clavulnate. The further studies can be carried with functionalized AuNPs in the prevention of antimicrobial resistance.