Symbolism and Social Functions of Wedding Traditions in Hara: A Processual Study in North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

This study explores the processual aspects of the wedding tradition in Hara and its surrounding areas, focusing on the symbolic meanings embedded within each phase. Data were collected from actual wedding ceremonies through direct observation and participant interviews, supplemented by secondary sources such as books and articles. The analysis is grounded in functionalist theory, with additional interpretive frameworks applied where appropriate. The findings reveal the Hara community’s perceptions of marriage rituals, the values attached to them, and the underlying fears. The wedding tradition follows three main phases. First, Tichit and Qen Qoreta – a preliminary agreement phase led by male family members, particularly two key figures: the Amach, who recommends a bride, and the Shimagile (elder), who mediates with the bride’s family. Second, Public Recognition and Ritual Blessings – includes the Adar Du’a, where religious leaders and community members gather to bless the couple. On the wedding day, a ritual at the bride's house involves placing three symbolic wooden pieces ( Gureno )—olive ( weyra ) , wulaga, and arorosa —each representing longevity, fertility, and resilience. The third is Hospitality and Family Reunion – a celebratory event that fosters family connections through gift exchanges and communal meals. While the bride’s family handles preparations, the groom’s parents host the event and welcome guests. This study highlights the deep cultural and symbolic significance of wedding traditions in Harra, emphasizing their role in reinforcing social bonds and shared values. To preserve and promote this rich cultural heritage, local authorities and cultural institutions should document and integrate these traditional practices into educational and cultural preservation programs. Further research could also explore how modern influences are shaping or transforming these traditions.