Spontaneous Closure of Traumatic Macular Hole: A 12-Month Optical Coherence Tomography Follow- Up Study

Background TMH refers to a full-thickness defect in the neurosensory retina of the macular region caused by blunt ocular trauma. We report a case of an 18-year-old male with a traumatic macular hole that healed spontaneously, followed up for 12 months. This case provides comprehensive OCT follow-up data, demonstrating the complete process of spontaneous closure. Case Report An 18-year-old male patient was admitted due to blurred vision in the right eye for 3 days after being struck by a badminton shuttlecock. The BCVA of the right eye was 0.02. Fundus examination and OCT revealed a macular hole in the right eye, accompanied by vitreous hemorrhage. At the 1-month follow-up, OCT showed closure of the macular hole, with the formation of an epiretinal membrane and macular edema. By the 12-month follow-up, the macular edema had partially resolved, and the BCVA was counting fingers at 20 cm. Conclusions The proliferation of fibrous glial cells resulted in the formation of an epiretinal membrane, which facilitated the closure of the traumatic macular hole through centripetal contraction.