Evaluation of anti-allergic and anti-anaphylactic activity of methanolic leaves extract of Chinese native shrub, Fang Feng Teng (Premna latifolia Roxb.) in rodents

Premna latifolia Roxb. is used in a variety of traditional medicinal usage by the local community peoples of China and Southeast Asian regions to treat allergy and inflammatory diseases due to its great biodiversity. The anti-allergic efficacy of a methanolic extract of Premna latifolia Roxb. leaves were investigated in this study. The effect of Premna latifolia Roxb. extract at different doses (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg, p. o.) was evaluated on animal models of asthma and allergy, such as milk-induced eosinophilia and leukocytosis, compound 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation, and active and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. The impact of Premna latifolia Roxb. extract on sensitised guinea pig ileum and tracheal chain preparations was also studied. At various concentrations, treatment with Premna latifolia Roxb. extract significantly reduced (p value < 0.001) milk-induced eosinophilia, while stabilized the compound 48/80 caused mast cell degranulation and lowered passive cutaneous and active anaphylactic reactions. Furthermore, Premna latifolia Roxb. extract prevented acetylcholine and histamine-induced tracheal chain contraction, as well as egg albumin-induced ileum contraction in sensitised guinea pigs (Shultz- Dale inhibition test). The anti-allergic and anti-anaphylactic effect of Premna latifolia Roxb. extract could be attributed to the stability of mast cells. Premna latifolia Roxb. showed anti-allergic and anti-anaphylactic properties at various doses, indicating that it is an effective phytomedicine for treating such illnesses.