The impact of BMHV implantation angle on Left Ventricle hemodynamic characteristics

Heart valve disease severely affects human health, and artificial heart valve replacement is currently the most effective treatment for valvular heart disease. The most widely used in clinical practice is the Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valves (BMHV). This study constructs a three-dimensional model of the Left Ventricle (LV) and BMHV based on human medical imaging data and anatomical parameters. Dynamic modeling is conducted using computational fluid dynamics and bidirectional Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) to investigate the impact of different implantation angles of BMHV on the hemodynamic characteristics within the LV. This study primarily analyzes the effects of different implantation angles on the velocity distribution downstream of the BMHV and the vortex evolution patterns. It is found that when the valve is implanted in the AO (Anatomical position) direction, the blood flow exhibits strong penetration, high ejection efficiency, and lower energy consumption in the vortex evolution process, thereby improving blood flow efficiency. By analyzing the ridge distribution of the Finite Time Lyapunov Exponent (FTLE) field, it is observed that the AO implantation angle enhances blood flow transport, which helps reduce myocardial load and prolong the lifespan of both the valve and the myocardium. Therefore, when implanting the valve in patients, it should be positioned at the AO angle. This study provides a guiding framework for clinical treatment.