Investigation of Heart Valve Dynamics: A Fluid-Structure Interaction Approach

This study presents a numerical investigation into heart valve dynamics through a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) framework that incorporates biomagnetic blood flow and elastic arterial walls. The analysis focuses on the influence of magnetic field intensity—characterized by the Hartmann number (Ha)—and flow regime—defined by the Reynolds number (Re)—on critical hemodynamic parameters, including wall shear stress (WSS), velocity profiles, and pressure gradients in the valve region. Results demonstrate that stronger magnetic fields significantly stabilize intravalvular flow by suppressing recirculation zones and reducing flow separation distal to valve constrictions, offering protective hemodynamic benefits and serving as a non-invasive method to modulate vascular behavior and reduce the risk of cardiovascular pathologies such as atherosclerosis and hypertension.