Study on the Impact of Microcystins  Exposure on Human Liver and Kidney Function in the Context of Eutrophication in Dianshan Lake

To investigate the eutrophication status of Dianshan Lake, located in Qingpu district, Shanghai, and to evaluate any health risks associated with water exposure, we evaluated the effects of eutrophication of water bodies and algal toxins on liver and kidney function in the local population. We monitored the source water of Dianshan Lake monthly throughout the year and analyzed water quality, eutrophication, and algal toxin pollution status and health risks of the local population, including liver and kidney function. We found that the water quality changed with the seasons and hydrological period, and moderate eutrophication was mainly manifested by excessive nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, which was better than observed in a previous survey. Liver and kidney function in individuals exposed to water contaminated with algal toxins and who had ingested contaminated fish were different compared with that observed in the control community. The water quality of Dianshan Lake is better than observed during a previous study but still exhibits moderate eutrophication, which is mainly manifested by excessive nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. Additionally, algal toxin pollution occurs in the summer and autumn in the lake area, which has certain health risks. Together, water eutrophication and algal toxin pollution are associated with nitrogen and phosphorus, temperature, and sunshine, and local residents may suffer from contact with polluted water during activities of daily living, potentially causing detrimental liver and kidney injury.