Marginal Adaptation and Porosity of Calcium Silicate Cements in Furcation Perforations: A Micro-CT Comparative Study

This study compares the adaptation, porosity, and sealing performance of ProRoot MTA, NeoPutty, and Biodentine. Thirty-six mandibular molars with furcation perforations were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 12). Clinical evaluation assessed adaptation, porosity, and overfilling, while micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) provided quantitative data on voids and gaps. Statistical analysis used chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests. NeoPutty and ProRoot MTA showed superior adaptation compared to Biodentine (p < 0.05). Biodentine showed higher porosity (28.44%) than ProRoot MTA (0%) and NeoPutty (8.3%) (p < 0.001). Biodentine also had the highest void volume (1.05 mm³) and gap volume (1.37 mm³), while ProRoot MTA recorded the lowest void volume (0.59 mm³), and NeoPutty had the smallest gap volume (0.85 mm³). No significant differences were observed in overfilling rates. ProRoot MTA offered the best sealing ability, while NeoPutty provided easier application. In contrast, Biodentine showed the worst performance.