A Fast-Setting Calcium Silicate Cement Versus Mineral Trioxide Aggregate in Primary Molars Pulpotomy: A 12-Month Randomized Clinical Trial (Pilot Study)

Background The study aims to compare the clinical and radiographic success of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) versus fast-setting calcium silicate cement (Ultrafast protooth) in pulpotomy of primary molars. Methods Forty teeth from 40 patients were included. The participants were divided into two groups: the Ultra-fast Protooth pulpotomy group and the MTA pulpotomy group, with a mean age of 5.95 ± 0.91 years and 5.76 ± 0.95 years, respectively. Children were followed–up at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months clinically and at 6 and 12 months radiographically. The primary outcome was the clinical survival rate regarding spontaneous pain and swellings. The secondary outcomes were radiographic assessments focusing on changes in periodontal membrane space, periapical radiolucency, furcation involvement, and external or internal root resorption. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 20®. All quantitative data were presented as mean and standard deviation. Qualitative data were presented as frequency (N) and percentage (%), and all comparisons were performed by using the Chi-square test. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results After 12 months, both materials exhibited a 95% success rate for the clinical parameters. However, the overall radiographic success rate of the Ultrafast protooth and MTA groups were 90% and 80%, respectively. Conclusion MTA and Ultra-fast protooth medications had an excellent clinical success rate of 95% during the follow-up period; however, Ultra-fast protooth revealed a higher radiographic success rate than MTA.