Perceived importance of tailored education to prevent second victim phenomenon in clinical pharmacy practice: a focus group study with community pharmacists

Background : The second victim phenomenon, referring to the impact of patient safety incidents on healthcare professionals, also affects pharmacists. Dispensing errors or inadequate counselling cause anxiety, reduced motivation, and staff turnover. Support programmes for healthcare professionals have been developed, but not specifically for pharmacists. Aim : This study aimed to investigate pharmacists' perceptions of tailored education to enhance competencies in overcoming second victim phenomenon, including (i) potential impacts of such programmes, (ii) recommended content for continuous professional development and undergraduate curricula, (iii) preferred design and delivery methods, and (iv) experience with existing programmes. Method : A qualitative focus group study involved 25 community pharmacists. Data were collected using a semi-structured guide for focus group discussions and a self-reporting questionnaire. Discussions continued until data saturation. Recordings were transcribed and analysed using MAXQDA software with an inductive thematic approach. Statistical analysis examined the relationships between participation in existing programmes and outcomes. Results : Participants perceived tailored education as essential for improving crisis response, empowering individuals and profession, and enhancing pharmaceutical care. Key topics for professional development include soft skills, risk and stress management, and strengthening the role of pharmacists, while undergraduate curricula should focus on soft skills, motivation, and career development. Preferred learning methods included roundtable workshops and blended learning, with stakeholder engagement. Majority of participants (80%) attended existing support programmes, with 76% reporting improved competencies and 80% recommending the programmes to colleagues. Conclusion : Community pharmacy practitioners perceived tailored education for overcoming second victim phenomenon outcomes as essential for professional success and improving pharmaceutical care.