Measuring adaptive capacity: An index-based approach for farmers in Niger

In Niger, a Sahelian country characterized by resource scarcity, even minor climatic variations can severely impact agricultural households. This study develops an adaptive capacity index using a robust framework that integrates an in-depth literature review with site-specific parameters. Primary data from 343 households in highly vulnerable agricultural regions were complemented by qualitative insights from expert interviews and workshops. The analysis revealed significant disparities in household asset portfolios, with many households lacking critical elements, particularly education and skills for accessing information, technologies, and off-farm income opportunities. Households with moderate adaptive capacity were more likely to engage in diversified off-farm activities, which significantly enhanced their ability to adapt to climate change. Insights from this analysis, combined with comparative analysis of factors that can serve as policy levers, provide a foundation for evidence-based interventions. The proposed index-based approach offers valuable insights for addressing climate vulnerabilities and strengthening resilience in Niger's agricultural sector.