Barriers in the control of Schistosomiasis with Mass distribution of Praziquantel in Bauchi State, Nigeria - A Phenomenological study

Schistosomiasis is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa and major public health concern. There has been reportage of over 700 million of population at risk arising from an estimated affected population of at least 230 million worldwide. Estimates indicate that approximately 29 million individuals in Nigeria are infected with S. haematobium, while an alarming 101.3 million people are considered at risk. Despite the World Health Organization's recommendations for the widespread distribution of Praziquantel and the efforts of the Bauchi government to ensure access to clean water and health education in accordance with these guidelines, the prevalence of the issue continues to be alarmingly high. This study aims to explore the factors contributing to the failure of widespread distribution of Praziquantel to reduce the prevalence of schistosomiasis in Bauchi State, with a specific focus on the Dass local government area. The research is conducted in the Dass Local Government Area (LGA) of Bauchi State, Nigeria, which is positioned in the north-eastern region of the country. In-depth interviews were carried out with 20 stakeholders at the local government level. Coding was done using qualitative analysis software, ATLAS TI software for the data management and analysis data were coded into themes based on the research objectives. The inadequate involvement of government and NGOs and Community-related factors including fear of side effects and stigmatization where among factors highlighted as major barriers. This research underscores the various obstacles to successful schistosomiasis management in Dass Local Government via mass drug administration (MDA). Tackling issues associated with drug availability, the well-being of healthcare personnel, community education, and logistical challenges necessitates a collaborative effort among multiple stakeholders.