Risk Analysis of Oral Treatment in Hypertensive Patients Under ECG Monitoring: A Single-Center Retrospective Observational Study

Objectives This study investigates intraoperative cardiovascular risks in hypertensive patients undergoing oral treatment, focusing on predictive factors for intraoperative hypertension and ECG abnormalities. Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients monitored with ECG during oral procedures. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at four key time points. We examined patients requiring antihypertensive intervention and those with new-onset intraoperative ECG abnormalities to identify predictive factors. Results Among 1,492 patients (1,511 records), 166 cases (10.99%) required antihypertensive medication. Preoperative systolic blood pressure (OR: 1.146, P < 0.001) and surgical suturing (OR: 2.271, P = 0.034) were significant predictors. Additionally, 625 records (41.36%) noted new-onset ECG abnormalities, with significant associations to age (OR = 1.033, P < 0.001), preoperative systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.021, P < 0.001), cerebrovascular disease (OR = 1.490, P = 0.005), and arrhythmia (OR = 1.020, P = 0.017). Conclusions The risk of cardiovascular complications during oral treatment in hypertensive patients is influenced by factors such as age, preoperative systolic blood pressure, comorbidities like cerebrovascular disease and arrhythmia, and the requirement for surgical suturing. Close monitoring and management of these factors are crucial for reducing intraoperative risks. Clinical Relevance: This study offers insights for better cardiovascular risk management in hypertensive patients during oral treatment.