Research on the properties of creep compaction of crushed gangue in a deep long-wall goaf

One of the typical deep mining areas in China is the West Yu mining area. The majority of the deep mining and hollowing areas in this area face serious challenges in controlling surface subsidence and protecting structures due to the conflict between surface subsidence and tense land use for ground engineering and construction. The long-term performance of the shattered gangue body in the mining hollow area needs to be examined as part of the stability analysis. The creep characteristics and crushing features of the same gradation of sandstone, mudstone, and sandy mudstone of three different kinds of single lithology, as well as sandstone-sandy mudstone and mudstone-sandy mudstone combined lithology of crushed gangue under the side-limit compression conditions, were studied. These findings were based on the engineering geological conditions of the mining airspace area in the certain mining area of a mine in west Henan Province. By using a graded loading test, the creep and compression properties of crushed gangue samples with various single and combined lithologies in the caved zone were evaluated. Additionally, the effects of varying stress levels and intensities on the properties of creep compaction of crushed gangue samples in the caved zone were described. Created a creep-time prediction model for crushed gangue in a deep longwall mining area's caved zone. The study's findings offer theoretical direction for the movement of the mining zone's surface and the underlying gangue layer, as well as for the safe administration of the mining zone.