Effectiveness of a multi-component sleep-mood group intervention on improving insomnia in university students – a pilot randomized controlled trial
Discuss this preprint
Start a discussion What are Sciety discussions?Listed in
This article is not in any list yet, why not save it to one of your lists.Abstract
Background
Sleep and mental health problems are very common in university students. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a multi-component sleep-mood intervention on improving sleep and mental health in university students with clinically significant insomnia symptoms, and to investigate possible mediators.
Methods
Thirty-five participants were randomized to the Sleep Mood Intervention: Live Effectively (SMILE) intervention ( n = 23), or wait-list group ( n = 12). SMILE is a multi-component group therapy and includes elements of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), mindfulness, and lifestyle modifications, in four weekly two-hour sessions. The primary outcome was insomnia severity. Secondary outcomes were severity of depression and anxiety, and quality of life (QoL). Dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep and pre-sleep arousal were assessed as mediators.
Results
Intention-to-treat analysis showed significant time x treatment interaction on insomnia symptoms p = .02, partial η² = 0.15, d = 0.84 [95% CI: 0.63 to 1.14], with significantly lower insomnia severity for SMILE compared to waitlist at post-test. No significant effects were found on depression d = 0.02 [95% CI: -0.35 to 0.37], anxiety d = 0.15 [95% CI: -0.16 to 0.53], and QoL d = 0.09 [95% CI: -0.25 to 0.42]. Dysfunctional beliefs mediated the effect on insomnia severity, but pre-sleep arousal did not.
Conclusions
This integrated group intervention is associated with reductions in insomnia symptoms in university students. Since no significant effects were detected on mood and QoL, future studies with larger sample size may explore the effects of this intervention on these outcomes.
Trial registration
Registry: Overzicht van Medisch-wetenschappelijk Onderzoek. Registration number: NL-OMON46359. Date of registration: September 18 th , 2018.
