Pharmaceutical Delivery Innovations: Uniting Nanocarriers, Liposomes, Targeted Formulations, and Advancements in Tablet Technologies

Drug delivery systems have come to be precise, effective, and patient-friendly—the very design features of modern treatment. The current review covers a wide range of topics, such as the use of nanocarriers, vesicular systems, solid lipid nanoparticles, and new oral dosage forms in pharmaceutical practice. Liposomes, proniosomes, and naso-pulmonary vesicular carriers not only protect unstable drugs but also enable delivering the drug right to the site and thus increasing its bioavailability. Besides its great potential for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, the system based on nanoparticle power maximizes the efficacy of drug action by penetrating through biological barriers and altering pharmacokinetic profiles in a favorable way. The solid lipid systems, consisting of SLNs and NLCs, provide controlled release and stability while ensuring biocompatibility. The oral dosage innovations, for example, mouth dissolving tablets, films, effervescent, and chewy ones, not only improve patient compliance but also offer either rapid or sustained drug action. Controlled and sustained release technologies, which include polymeric and vesicular strategies, make it possible to attain therapeutic effect for a longer time, maintain plasma concentrations predictable, and hence reduce dosing frequency. All these technologies together represent a credible changeover in part towards precise therapeutics, wherein formulation science is merged with nanotechnology to resolve clinical issues in contemporary medicine. The review brings out the great importance of the advanced drug delivery systems in the enhancement of the treatment outcomes, reduction of the side effects, and increased patient adherence, also being a future hope in personalized and targeted therapies.