Reconciling Discreteness and Continuity as Complementary Spectral Projections of Complex-Time Geometry in the Single Monad Model

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Abstract

We present a geometric–algebraic resolution to the discreteness–continuity paradox through a dual-time framework based on split-complex ``time-time'' geometry. In this formulation, time is decomposed into two hyperbolically-orthogonal components: a compact inner (real) time associated with discrete re-creation of spatial dimensions, and an unbounded outer (imaginary) time governing their continuous relativistic evolution. This dual structure naturally yields a non-commutative operator algebra that can be expressed in terms of a spectral triple \( (\mathcal{A}, \mathcal{H}, D) \), where \( \mathcal{A} \) encodes real-time projection operators, \( \mathcal{H} \) the temporally structured Hilbert space, and \( D \) the associated Dirac operator. Discreteness and continuity become complementary projections of the same dynamically emerging geometry, rather than contradictory features of underlying space-time background. This framework provides a unified account of quantization, Lorentz invariance, and space-time emergence, with further implications for the cosmological constant problem, measurement theory, and the unification of quantum mechanics with general relativity.

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