A Review of Methods for Increasing the Durability of Hot Forging Tools
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The article presents an overview of the most important issues and problems related to improving the durability of hot-work forging tools. The most important contemporary methods and activities aimed at achieving this goal are discussed. Literature data (especially publications from recent years) are used, including the results of the author’s research, which were implemented in industrial conditions during the author’s work in a modern forging plant (Kuźnia "Glinik"). Own design and technological solutions are presented: an innovative concept of making forging dies from alloy structural steels with welded cuts (instead of traditional dies from hot-work tool steels), the concept of zone surfacing, which involves surfacing separate fragments (zones) of the surface of individual cuts with electrodes or wires of different chemical compositions, specially selected for the wear mechanisms that dominate on given parts of the cuts, along with the presentation of general recommendations for the selection of the chemical composition of materials for surfacing, technological processes of manufacturing and regenerating matrices. Attention was drawn to the importance and use of computer modeling results of forging processes in predicting wear mechanisms and intensity, as well as in optimizing the design of forging tools and forgings.