Synthesis of Lignocellulosic Nanomaterials for Wastewater Treatment and Other Applications

Toxic metals, dyes, pesticides, fertilizers, and other chemicals found in wastewater are dangerous and non-biodegradable, raising severe issues around the world. Many conventional methods do exist for the treatment including physical, chemical and biological wastewater treatment but due to their drawbacks and the presence of micropollutants in contaminated water, newer technologies need to be devised. Studies on the application of nanoparticles derived from plant-based waste, i.e., lignocellulosic waste in wastewater treatment are growing in number due to their special characteristics including the environment friendliness, high surface area to volume ratio, presence of various functional groups. Examining the latest developments in these nanomaterials that are currently widely used for wastewater treatment is crucial. These nanomaterials are biodegradable, stable and non-toxic hence, provide a better alternative towards the rectification of this global issue. Through these, two tasks are accomplished at once as the waste is being utilized to produce a highly valuable and applicable product. This review provides a thorough analysis of current developments in common lignocellulosic based waste in the synthesis of nanomaterials used for sustainable wastewater treatment.