A Scalable Approach to IoT Interoperability: The Share Pattern

The Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionizing device communication, with over 30 billion connected devices and projections exceeding 40 billion worldwide. However, integrating these heterogeneous systems remains a significant challenge, especially in sensitive domains such as healthcare, where isolated ecosystems and proprietary standards severely limit interoperability. In our previous work, we introduced "SHARE: A Design Pattern for Dynamic Composition of IoT Services", which proposed a novel integration model. This paper builds on that foundation by presenting the SHARE design pattern in greater detail, focusing on its lightweight, contract-based interoperability mechanism and its applicability to resource-constrained devices. SHARE enables dynamic service composition through code exchange, leveraging coroutines and the LUA programming language. This makes it suitable for execution on microcontrollers such as the ESP32. To assess the behavior of SHARE, we developed a simulator and employed Object Constraint Language (OCL) to verify its correctness formally. The results demonstrate that SHARE is scalable and well-suited for supporting decentralized, interoperable IoT ecosystems, even in environments with limited computational resources.