Misunderstood Lessons of Two Lorentzes: Light, Reverse Slit Experiment, Mystery of Shadows, Essence of Time, and New Principles

This paper presents two fundamental principles that reframe our understanding of the nature of reality: electromagnetic phenomena are two-dimensional and follow the Cauchy distribution; there exists a non-integer variable dimension of spaces. Based on these principles, theoretical justification and methodology for an experiment aimed at testing a fundamental hypothesis about the nature of light are proposed. The study examines whether light propagation in experiments with shadows from thin objects follows the Cauchy distribution (which would be compatible with the exact two-dimensionality D=2.0 of massless electromagnetic fields) or the sinc² function (which is traditionally expected in standard models). The work reveals the deep meaning of time through two interconnected questions: "What is the mechanism of synchronization and why is it the way it is?" and "Why don't we observe absolute synchronization and what causes desynchronization?" The proposed concept of variable dimension of spaces explains the nature of mass as a dimensional effect, arising only when deviating from the critical point D=2.0, offers a new interpretation of the relation $E=mc^2$, and opens a path to resolving fundamental contradictions in modern physics. The results of the proposed reverse slit experiment could have revolutionary implications for understanding quantum mechanics, relativity theory, and the nature of space-time, potentially eliminating the need for concepts such as dark energy, inflationary cosmology, and the beginning of time. The work addresses the misunderstood lessons from the works of Hendrik and Ludwig Lorentz, showing how their original ideas, misinterpreted by subsequent generations, contained keys to a deeper understanding of the fundamental structure of reality.