Advancements in Liposomal Drug Delivery Systems and Their Therapeutic Applications

Liposomal drug delivery systems are a novel phenomenon in pharmaceutical sciences with increased bioavailability of the drug, reduced toxicity, and targeted delivery. Historical perspective of liposomes, constitution, and classification are discussed in this paper. Encapsulation mechanisms, loading efficiency, and controlled release are examined in relation to parameters that affect retention of the drug and therapeutic response. Stealth liposomes, nanocarriers, and regulation are discussed to highlight their evolving role in contemporary medicine.Therapeutic uses of liposomal products for cancer chemotherapy, treatment of infectious diseases, and antibiotics delivery are discussed, and how their site-specific action and capacity to overcome drug resistance render them promising. At the same time, in spite of all these advantages, some limitations in terms of stability issues, complexity of production on a large scale, and regulatory issues still restrict widespread clinical application. The paper outlines novel alternatives and solutions, which are written as polymer-coated liposomes and hybrid lipid systems, that have been designed to address the stability issue and scalability issue.With continuous innovations, liposomal drug delivery will be the focus of personalized medicine and targeted therapy. Resolution of current limitations by the aid of advanced nanotechnological techniques and regulatory improvements will be key to the realization of the true potential of liposomal formulations. This review is a detailed overview of current developments, challenges, and future directions of liposomal drug delivery, making it the focus of contemporary pharmaceutical science.