An Empirical Study on the Construction of Green Airports and the Control of Aviation Pollution

In the era of globalization and information technology, the aviation industry has experienced rapid growth. However, the increase in flight numbers has exacerbated environmental issues such as exhaust emissions and noise pollution, raising significant concerns across society. This paper aims to explore the current state of environmental pollution within the aviation industry and propose solutions to promote the development of green airports and effective pollution control measures. This study primarily employs literature analysis. Initially, a preliminary evaluation index system was established to represent various aspects of aviation pollution. The system was then refined and optimized using the entropy weight method. Subsequently, kernel density estimation and Moran index methods are applied to analyze the temporal and spatial trends of the evaluation indicators. An empirical study is conducted to investigate the degree of endogenous correlation and lag effects among the indices. The results show that: (1) Regional Neutrality in Pollution Indicators. The spatial autocorrelation test reveals a lack of significant spatial correlation among the studied aviation environmental pollution indicators, indicating that these variables maintain a degree of regional neutrality. (2) Impact of Cargo Throughput on Pollution. The PVAR model analysis highlights that cargo throughput has a significant self-impact on aviation environmental pollution, indicating that monitoring and managing cargo operations could be crucial in predicting and mitigating future pollution levels.