Educação brasileira: Panorama desde a Constituição Federal de 1988 e desafios persistentes, novos e porvindouros

Since the enactment of the 1988 Federal Constitution, Brazilian education has experienced significant progress while facing persistent challenges. The Constitution established education as a universal right, defining responsibilities among the federal, state, and municipal governments. Public policies, such as the National Education Plan and the Fund for the Development of Basic Education, aimed to promote equity and access, while other indicators demonstrated progress, particularly in primary education. However, issues such as dropouts, age-grade distortion, and regional and socioeconomic disparities remain prevalent. Additionally, the use of digital technologies in education poses challenges related to equity and regulation. In higher education, democratization has driven expansion, but enrollment targets have yet to be achieved. The growth of distance education reflects a context of digital transformation but raises regulatory and quality concerns. The evolution of education in Brazil requires ongoing policy revisions to ensure quality, inclusion, and civic development in an ever-changing global landscape.