Comparative Study of Lanthanum Nanorods and Nanoparticles: Structural, Thermal, and Electronic Properties

Lanthanum-based nanostructures have attracted considerable interest due to their tunable physicochemical properties and broad technological relevance. In this study, a systematic comparative investigation of lanthanum nanorods and lanthanum nanoparticles is presented, focusing on their structural, thermal, and electronic characteristics. Both morphologies were synthesized under controlled conditions to ensure phase purity and reproducibility. Structural analysis confirmed the formation of crystalline lanthanum oxide phases with distinct anisotropic and isotropic growth patterns for nanorods and nanoparticles, respectively. Thermal evaluation revealed morphology-dependent stability, with nanorods demonstrating enhanced resistance to thermal degradation. Electronic characterization, based on optical absorption analysis, indicated subtle variations in band gap energy attributable to size confinement and surface effects. The results establish a clear correlation between particle morphology and physicochemical behavior, highlighting the influence of dimensionality on stability and electronic response. This work provides insights into morphology-controlled design strategies for lanthanum-based nanomaterials in catalytic, sensing, and optoelectronic applications.