Assessment of oxidative stress markers in elderly patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential prognostic implications in the medium and long term

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Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the correlation of plasma levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced thiols with morbidity, mortality and immune response during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection. This was an observational study that included inpatients with SARS-CoV-2 infection older than 65 years. The individuals were followed up to the twelfth month post-discharge. Plasma levels of TBARS and reduced thiols were quantified as a measure of lipid and protein oxidation, respectively. Fatal and non-fatal events were evaluated during admission and at the third, sixth and twelfth month post-discharge. Differences in oxidative stress markers between the groups of interest, time to a negative RT-qPCR and time to significant anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM titers were assessed. We included 61 patients (57% women) with a mean age of 83 years old. After multivariate analysis, we found differences in TBARS and reduced thiol levels between the comparison groups in fatal and non-fatal events during hospital admission. TBARS levels were also correlated with fatal events at the 6 th and 12 th months post-discharge. One year after hospital discharge, other predictors rather than oxidative stress markers were relevant in the models. The median time to reach significant anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM titers was lower in patients with low levels of reduced thiols. Assessment of some parameters related to oxidative stress may help identify groups of patients with a higher risk of morbidity, mortality and delayed immune response during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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  1. SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.22274952: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    EthicsIRB: Ethical approval: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Santiago de Compostela-Lugo (2020/578).
    Consent: Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    RandomizationPatients were randomly selected from the complete cohort of patients admitted to hospital with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    The detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibodies was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and results were provided quantitatively [23, 24].
    anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM
    suggested: (Bethyl Cat# E88-302, RRID:AB_2892019)