Testing Denmark: a Danish Nationwide Surveillance Study of COVID-19
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Abstract
To date, including 318,522 participants, this is the largest population-based study with broad national participation where tests and questionnaires have been sent to participants’ homes. We found that more emphasis from national and local authorities toward the risk of infection should be placed on age of tested individuals, type of occupation, as well as exposure in local communities and households.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2021.08.10.21261777: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics IRB: Approvals, ethics and registrations: This study was performed as a national surveillance study under the authority task of the national infectious disease control institute Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Copenhagen, Denmark. According to Danish law national surveillance activities from SSI do not require any individual approval from an ethics committee. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization Study design and participation: 1.3 million Danish citizens over the age of 15 years (22 % of the population) were randomly drawn from the Civil Registration System (19) and invited to participate via the governmental, personal, Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: …
SciScore for 10.1101/2021.08.10.21261777: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics IRB: Approvals, ethics and registrations: This study was performed as a national surveillance study under the authority task of the national infectious disease control institute Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Copenhagen, Denmark. According to Danish law national surveillance activities from SSI do not require any individual approval from an ethics committee. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization Study design and participation: 1.3 million Danish citizens over the age of 15 years (22 % of the population) were randomly drawn from the Civil Registration System (19) and invited to participate via the governmental, personal, Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources During October 2020 the POCT testing for SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies was performed by participants. SARS-CoV-2 IgGsuggested: NoneThe POCT is a lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay rapid test for qualitative detection and differentiation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies in whole blood, which yields results in 15 minutes. IgMsuggested: NoneParticipants were categorized as seropositive if they had developed either IgG or IgM antibodies, or both against SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2suggested: NoneSoftware and Algorithms Sentences Resources Outcome measures: The primary outcome of interest was to explore the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection, defined as a positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody self-test result (IgG and/or IgM), and putative risk factors for seropositivity. IgMsuggested: (Dr. Bettina Wagner - Cornell University Cat# IgM 1-22, RRID:AB_2737323)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:Strengths and limitations: This population-based study had a broad national participation with 22% of the population invited and a response rate of 36.5% among the invitees for the questionnaire and 24.5% for the POCT. To determine the distribution of infectious disease, serological surveys with a representative sample of the wider population are important, particularly in the presence of asymptomatic individuals or incomplete ascertainment of those with symptoms. This study has limitations. Recruitment of participants by e-Boks might exclude the proportion of the population that are without or have only limited access to this digital governmental information system and less technology-proficient individuals, or marginalized groups who are seen to have a higher risk of infection (17, 18). A smaller proportion of residents may not have been able to read and understand Danish , English or Arabic. People under the age of 15 years were not included and the findings are not applicable to children. Data on ethnicity was not available from the questionnaire. The recall period of symptoms was long, up to 7 months. Information on the exact point of time for participants becoming infected or turning seropositive was not available. In addition, persons with a previous positive PCR may have been less inclined to participate, thereby resulting in selection bias and potentially underestimating the true seroprevalence. Conversely, particularly persons working in health care or nursing may h...
Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We found bar graphs of continuous data. We recommend replacing bar graphs with more informative graphics, as many different datasets can lead to the same bar graph. The actual data may suggest different conclusions from the summary statistics. For more information, please see Weissgerber et al (2015).
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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