Analysis of the Infection status and risk Factors of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in children

Objective

To analyze the clinical characteristics of Acinetobacter baumannii infection in hospitalized children in a tertiary children ‘s hospital in Tianjin and to explore the risk factors of infection. Methods: A retrospective study analyzed the data of Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from hospitalized children in the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine at Tianjin Children’s Hospital from October 2019 to October 2024. Based on drug sensitivity results, they were divided into carbapenem-resistant group(CRAB) and carbapene n sensitive group (CSAB). The clinical characteristics, strain distribution, specimen sources, resistance profiles, and levels of inflammation or other markers of the two groups of children were compared and analyzed. Multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze the independent risk factors for CRAB infection. Results: A total of 112 children with AB infection were isolated in this study, including 66 cases of CSAB and 46 cases of CRAB, mainly from lower respiratory tract specimens (47.32%). The CRAB group was characterized by severe multidrug resistance (MDR) and pan-drug resistance (XDR). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that invasive catheterization procedures, use of antibiotics within 3 months prior to admission (especially class >03 antibiotics), previous exposure to carbapenem antibiotics, and receiving immunosuppressive therapy were independent risk factors for CRAB infection in children. Conclusion: The situation of resistance to Acinetobacter baumannii is serious, and particular attention should be paid to the prevention and control of CRAB infection in the PICU.

Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is a Gram-negative conditional pathogen. With the widespread use of broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs, especially carbapenems, in recent years, the number of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter has gradually increased, Multidrug resistance is widespread ^[1] . Infants and young children are more susceptible due to their lower immune function and often have multiple underlying diseases, and are more difficult to treat. This study retrospectively analyzed the drug resistance characteristics and risk factors of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infections in hospitalized children in the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Tianjin Children’s Hospital over the past five years, providing evidence for the clinical prevention and treatment of such drug-resistant bacterial infections and related epidemiological studies.