Dyslipidemia and development of chronic kidney disease in non-diabetic Japanese adults: a 26-year, community-based, longitudinal study

Follow-up studies evaluating the relationship between dyslipidemia and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in non-diabetic populations are limited. This longitudinal study (1998–2024) examined whether the prevalence of dyslipidemia is associated with the subsequent development of CKD in non-diabetic Japanese adult citizens of Zentsuji, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan. Dyslipidemia was defined as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations ≥140 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations <40 mg/dL, and/or triglyceride concentrations ≥150 mg/dL. Participants were considered to have developed CKD if their estimated glomerular filtration rate was <60 mL/min/1.73 m ² . The proportional hazard assumptions were violated. Therefore, the Weibull accelerated failure-time model was selected using the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria. The final cohort included 5970 participants, 41.6% of whom were men. The mean follow-up was 7.09 years. After the follow-up, 1890 (31.7%) participants developed CKD. Participants with dyslipidemia had a 5% shorter survival time (95% confidence interval: 3%–7%) to incident CKD compared with those without dyslipidemia in the full model. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations <40 mg/dL and triglyceride concentrations ≥150 mg/dL also reduced the survival time to CKD onset by 5%–6%. Our results indicate that controlling the lipid profile to an appropriate range may contribute to reducing the risk of future onset of CKD.