COVID-19 Vaccination Booster Uptake Is Related to End of Pandemic Perception: Population-Based Survey in Four Provinces in Indonesia

  1. Ahmad Watsiq Maula
  2. Citra Indriani
  3. Risalia Reni Arisanti
  4. Vincentius Arca Testamenti
  5. Catharina Yekti Praptiningsih
  6. Rebecca Merril
  7. Ansariadi
  8. Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono
  9. Atik Choirul Hidajah
  10. Riris Andono Ahmad
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Abstract

Global COVID-19 booster vaccination uptake has been low, particularly in low-middle-income countries (LMICs). However, studies on the determinants of COVID-19 booster vaccination remain limited, especially in LMIC settings. This study aims to describe the determinants of COVID-19 booster vaccination uptake in an LMIC context. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey that was conducted in September 2022 in four provinces in Indonesia. Participants (n=2,223) were recruited using multiple-stage cluster sampling. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with booster vaccination status. The proportion of COVID-19 booster vaccination among fully vaccinated adults was 29.5%, while fear of transmission (12.4%) and perceived risk of getting a COVID-19 infection (33.5%) were low. Multivariable analysis showed that people living on Java Island (aOR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.87-3.24), living in the urban area (aOR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.60-2.61), being an employee in the formal sector (aOR: 3.99, 95% CI: 1.93 - 8.58), experiencing a side effect from previous vaccination (aOR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.40-2.09), having a history of SARS-COV2 infection (aOR: 2.10, 95%CI: 1.27-3.50), having perception on the upcoming new wave of COVID-19 (aOR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.07 -1.76), and believing the pandemic has not ended (aOR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.64) were associated with booster shot uptake. Low educational level (aOR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.39-0.93) inhibited booster vaccination uptake. Current booster dose coverage was considerably lower than the primary vaccination dosage. The low booster vaccination uptake in four provinces was associated with a belief the pandemic has no longer, which might hinder the catch up of wide-population target coverage and COVID-19 control for reduced disease severity and hospitalization. Thus, efforts need to be prioritized in reaching the COVID-19 vulnerable population, which includes elderly and those with comorbidities.

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  1. Version published to 10.1101/2024.03.05.24303828v1 on medRxiv