In vitro Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Protein Translated from the Moderna mRNA-1273 Vaccine

This article has been Reviewed by the following groups

Read the full article See related articles

Abstract

Extensive research around mRNA vaccines and their proposed utility during the current COVID-19 pandemic resulted in many publications concerning the SARS-Cov-2 spike protein and angiotensin converting enzyme-2 receptor-binding domain of the virus, but none describe the characteristics of the full-length protein obtained from the modified/synthetic mRNA that is part of the Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines. In this paper, we provide the first data characterizing the actual proteins produced by mouse and human cells in culture that had been incubated up to 30 minutes with the commercial vaccine produced by Moderna (i.e., Spikevax). The mRNA vaccine continues to produce proteins up to 12-14 days after introduction to the cells. The molecular weight of the SARS-CoV-2 encoded protein ranges from 135-200 kilodaltons depending on the extent of glycosylation.

Article activity feed

  1. SciScore for 10.1101/2022.03.01.22271618: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    EthicsIRB: All samples were acquired with approval from the Cedarville University Institutional Review Board.
    Field Sample Permit: Samples were collected in a collection vial containing 0.05% thimerosal.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Cell Line Authenticationnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    Antibodies were incubated in concentration ranges from 1-10 μg/ml and detected using donkey anti-human secondary antibodies, (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories; West Grove, PA) labeled with horse radish peroxidase (HRP) at a 1:5,000 dilution.
    anti-human secondary antibodies,
    suggested: None
    The binding of the collected human saliva and REGEN-COV2 antibodies to cell lysates and supernatants was evaluated using an in-house developed ELISA.
    REGEN-COV2
    suggested: None
    To verify the actual molecular weights of the proteins, a mouse monoclonal antibody from R&D Systems, specific to the S2 subunit protein, (met697-Pro1213; cat# 1034617), was used at a concentration of 1 μg/ml diluted in Blotto (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX).
    S2 subunit protein,
    suggested: None
    In addition, western blotting with clarified saliva antibodies, was performed with samples diluted 1:3 in blotting-grade blocker, while the REGEN-COV humanized IgG1 antibodies were dissolved at 10 μg/ml in blotting-grade blocker.
    humanized IgG1
    suggested: None
    Experimental Models: Cell Lines
    SentencesResources
    2.1 Cell culture system to express SARS-CoV-2 protein(s) from synthetic mRNA-1273 vaccine (Spikevax): Vaccine uptake was tested in the normal mouse embryonic fibroblast NIH 3T3 adherent cell line (ATCC, Manassas, VA) and human monocytic U937 cells grown in suspension.
    NIH 3T3
    suggested: None
    U937
    suggested: CLS Cat# 300368/p474_U-937, RRID:CVCL_0007)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).


    Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.


    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.


    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.


    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.


    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.