Preclinical Efficacy of IMM-BCP-01, a Highly Active Patient-Derived Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Cocktail

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Abstract

Using an unbiased interrogation of the memory B cell repertoire of convalescent COVID-19 patients, we identified human antibodies that demonstrated robust antiviral activity in vitro and efficacy in vivo against all tested SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here, we describe the pre-clinical characterization of an antibody cocktail, IMM-BCP-01, that consists of three unique, patient-derived recombinant neutralizing antibodies directed at non-overlapping surfaces on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Two antibodies, IMM20184 and IMM20190 directly block spike binding to the ACE2 receptor. Binding of the third antibody, IMM20253, to its unique epitope on the outer surface of RBD, alters the conformation of the spike trimer, promoting release of spike monomers. These antibodies decreased SARS-CoV-2 infection in the lungs of Syrian golden hamsters, and efficacy in vivo efficacy was associated with broad antiviral neutralizing activity against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants and robust antiviral effector function response, including phagocytosis, ADCC, and complement pathway activation. Our pre-clinical data demonstrate that the three antibody cocktail IMM-BCP-01 shows promising potential for preventing or treating SARS-CoV-2 infection in susceptible individuals.

One sentence summary

IMM-BCP-01 cocktail triggers Spike Trimer dissociation, neutralizes all tested variants in vitro , activates a robust effector response and dose-dependently inhibits virus in vivo .

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  1. SciScore for 10.1101/2021.10.18.464900: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    EthicsField Sample Permit: Animal studies: All animal studies described in the manuscript were carried out under Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)-approved protocols at the respective institutions (BU and MRIGlobal) and where appropriate were reviewed and approved by Animal Care and Use Review Office of USAMRDC (ACURO).
    IACUC: Animal studies: All animal studies described in the manuscript were carried out under Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)-approved protocols at the respective institutions (BU and MRIGlobal) and where appropriate were reviewed and approved by Animal Care and Use Review Office of USAMRDC (ACURO).
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Cell Line Authenticationnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    The antibody/RVP mixture was pre-incubated for 1 hour in a 37□C incubator containing 5% CO2.
    antibody/RVP
    suggested: None
    Plates were blocked with endotoxin-free 2% gelatin solution (Sigma) and incubated with anti-Spike antibodies of interest for 1 hour at +4°C.
    anti-Spike
    suggested: None
    Cells with deposited complement components were stained with anti-C4 antisera (Complement Technology) and a secondary anti-goat-HRP antibody (SouthernBiotech).
    anti-C4 antisera (Complement Technology)
    suggested: None
    anti-goat-HRP
    suggested: None
    Plates were washed (3x) and subsequently probed for ACE2 binding with anti-ACE2 antibody.
    anti-ACE2
    suggested: None
    Experimental Models: Cell Lines
    SentencesResources
    Cells: Reporter virus particles (RVP’s) were purchased from Integral Molecular, ACE2-293T cells (Integral Molecular; Cat #C-HA102) were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS, 10mM HEPES, and 0.5 g/mL Puromycin.
    ACE2-293T
    suggested: None
    Vero E6 cells (BEI resources, NIAID, NIH: VERO C1008 (E6), African green monkey kidney, Working Cell Bank NR-596) were maintained in humidified incubators at 37°C and 5% CO2 in DMEM high glucose with GlutaMAX and sodium pyruvate (Gibco™, cat #10569) and 10% certified US-origin heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (Gibco™, cat #10082).
    Vero E6
    suggested: RRID:CVCL_XD71)
    The mutant library was arrayed in 384-well microplates and transiently transfected into HEK293T cells.
    HEK293T
    suggested: CCLV Cat# CCLV-RIE 1018, RRID:CVCL_0063)
    100 μL of THP-1 cells at 2.5e5 cells per mL are then added to wells containing bead-antigen-antibody mixture.
    THP-1
    suggested: CLS Cat# 300356/p804_THP-1, RRID:CVCL_0006)
    CHO-S1 target cells (Promega Cat #CS3195A06) and Jurkat NFAT-Luc effector cells were mixed at 2:1 (E:T) ratio.
    Jurkat
    suggested: TKG Cat# TKG 0209, RRID:CVCL_0065)
    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    Plate is then run on Attune NXT for acquisition and FCS Files are analyzed using FlowJo Software.
    FlowJo
    suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)
    The half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were calculated using GraphPad Prism 8.
    GraphPad Prism
    suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)

    Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.


    Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.


    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.


    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.


    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.


    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.