Full vaccination against COVID-19 suppresses SARS-CoV-2 delta variant and spike gene mutation frequencies and generates purifying selection pressure
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Abstract
COVID-19 vaccination resistance has become a major challenge to prevent global SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Here we report that the vaccination coverage rate is inversely correlated to the mutation frequency of the full genome (R2=0.878) and spike gene (R2=0.829) of SARS-CoV-2 delta variants in 16 countries, suggesting that full vaccination against COVID-19, with other mitigation strategies, is critical to suppress emergent mutations. Neutrality analysis of DH and Zeng E tests suggested that directional selection was the major driving force of delta variant evolution. To eliminate the homogenous effects (population expansion, selective sweep etc.), the synonymous (Dsyn) and nonsynonymous (Dnonsyn) polymorphisms of the delta variant spike gene were estimated with Tajima D statistic. Both D ratio (Dnonsyn/Dsyn) and deltaD (Dsyn-Dnonsyn) have positive correlation with the full vaccination rate (R2= 0.723 and 0.505, respectively) in 19 countries, indicating that purifying selection pressure of SARS-CoV-2 spike gene increased as the vaccination coverage rate increased. Taken together, our data suggests that vaccination plays an important role in the purifying selection force of spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 delta variants.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2021.08.08.21261768: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
No key resources detected.
Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter:…
SciScore for 10.1101/2021.08.08.21261768: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
No key resources detected.
Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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