Analysis of 472,688 severe cases of COVID-19 in Brazil showed lower mortality in those vaccinated against influenza

  1. Daniele Melo Sardinha
  2. Diana da Costa Lobato
  3. Ana Lúcia da Silva Ferreira
  4. Karla Valéria Batista Lima
  5. Ricardo José de Paula Souza e Guimarães
  6. Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima

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Abstract

Objective

To analyze the severe cases of COVID-19 in Brazil in 2020 and compare those vaccinated and unvaccinated against influenza in invasive ventilation, admission in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and deaths.

Method

Cross-sectional study with public data from the OpenDataSUS platform, regarding confirmed severe cases for COVID-19 in Brazil in the year 2020. Data were analyzed by SPSS, from the chi-square test of independence and binary logistic regression.

Results

The population was 472,688 cases and 177,640 deaths, with a lethality of 37.58% in severe cases. The test of independence was highly significant in vaccinated survivors (<0.0001), and regression showed an almost twofold odds ratio for invasive ventilation, ICU admission, and death in unvaccinated cases.

Conclusion

We recommend mass influenza vaccination as an adjuvant in combating the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.

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  1. ScreenIT

    SciScore for 10.1101/2021.05.11.21257053: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Ethicsnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    We used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25.0.
    Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
    suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)
    SPSS
    suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    Thus, based on these hypotheses raised, our results may be associated with BCG protection, however our database for the analysis of this research did not have this information about BCG vaccination, only influenza, so the limitation of the study stands out. Thus, our results from analysis of all severe cases of COVID-19 in 2020 in Brazil also associated that influenza vaccine reduces invasive ventilation, ICU admission and death, corroborated by some studies in the literature.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  2. Version published to 10.1101/2021.05.11.21257053v1 on medRxiv
  3. Version published to 10.4236/wjv.2021.113004