Some Clinical and Immunological Features of Imported COVID-19 Cases in Mongolia

  1. Munkh-Undrakh Batmunkh
  2. Enkhsaikhan Lkhagvasuren
  3. Oyungerel Ravjir
  4. Tsogtsaikhan Sandag

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Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 disturbs the normal immune responses causing an uncontrolled inflammatory response in patients with severe COVID-19. The pattern of the immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 in individuals may fluctuate. Some have a virus-dependent protective immune response resulting in asymptomatic or mild disease with elimination of the virus within 7-10 days after onset of infection. Others develop virus non-dependent uncontrolled hyper-inflammation in the later period, leading to severe disease with cytokine storm, acute respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation and multi-organ failure.

Methods

The serum of 72 patients was investigated for titers of 15 cytokines and chemokines using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits in the serum of peripheral blood samples. The means of groups were compared using ANOVA followed by Tukey multiple post hoc comparisons if the ANOVA p-value was <0.05.

Results

Patients with pulmonary infiltrates on CT demonstrated a lower percentage of eosinophils (1.38±1.46%) and elevated level of serum CRP (8.57±19.10 mg/dL) compared to patients without pulmonary infiltrates (2.52±1.47% and 1.96±3.02 mg/dL respectively; p<0.05). ROC analysis for patients aged ≥35 years showed patients with mild disease (n=3) had a significantly higher titer of IL-1β and MCP-1 (AUC, 0.958 and 0.917 respectively, p<0.05) compared to patients with moderate disease (n=7).

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  1. ScreenIT

    SciScore for 10.1101/2021.03.17.21253849: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Institutional Review Board Statementnot detected.
    RandomizationAsymptomatic or mild cases were randomly sampled from observation patients.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulins: The presence of anti-S-IgM and anti-S-IgG antibodies was determined using chemiluminescence immunoassay (MAGLUMI 2019-nCoV IgM/IgG, Snibe Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, China) in the serum of 55 patients.
    anti-S-IgM
    suggested: None
    anti-S-IgG
    suggested: None

    Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    Study limitation: The authors suggested that relatively young age of patients and absence of cases with severe illness were restricted the chance to find enough significant differences in hematological and immunological features according to disease course of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in this study.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  2. Version published to 10.1101/2021.03.17.21253849 on medRxiv