Follow-up of a hospital cohort during the first 3,530 suspected cases of COVID-19 in Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil

  1. Carolina Colombelli Pacca
  2. Nathalia Zini
  3. Alice F. Versiani
  4. Edoardo E. de O. Lobl
  5. Bruno H. G. A. Milhim
  6. Guilherme R. F. Campos
  7. Marília M. Moraes
  8. Thayza M.I.L dos Santos
  9. Fernanda S. Dourado
  10. Beatriz C. Marques
  11. Leonardo C. da Rocha
  12. Andresa L dos Santos
  13. Gislaine C.D. da Silva
  14. Leonardo G. P. Ruiz
  15. Raphael Nicesio
  16. Flávia Queiroz
  17. Andreia F. N. Reis
  18. Natal S. da Silva
  19. Maurício L. Nogueira
  20. Cássia F. Estofolete

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Abstract

Introduction

In a global context, COVID-19 is the most significant health threat in the present days, evidenced by the fact that, in just over four months, SARS-CoV-2 has spread to 171 countries, reaching a Pandemic status. Most patients with COVID-19 have a mild course of the disease. However, approximately 20% develop severe illness with a high mortality rate which is associated with age, comorbidities, and immunosuppression. Epidemiological studies are used to reveal the extent of viral spread in homes, communities, and hospitals. Thus, preventive and control measures can be established by the authorities.

Objective

In this study, patients with suspect COVID-19 symptoms who search for hospital care at the city of Sao José do Rio Preto (Sao Paulo, Brazil) were monitored, in order to identify the first case of this new disease in the region. In the first two months (March and April), more than 3000 individuals looked for the public and private health system with suspected respiratory symptoms, but only 164 (8.4%) were COVID-19 confirmed.

Results

From those, males (56.1%) and patients of the age distribution of 16-59 (91.2%), with diarrhea (22.2%), runny nose (25%), altered taste (15.9%), and anosmia (11.6%) presented statistical significance, although none comorbidities were related with COVID-19 occurrence. The odds ratio analysis supports this finding. Days of onset of symptoms are positively associated with whit viral load, and the same happens with the occurrence of symptoms (dyspnea and low saturation).

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    SciScore for 10.1101/2021.02.04.429711: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Institutional Review Board StatementIRB: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto – FAMERP (EC number 31588920.0.0000.5415).
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    It was used the software GraphPad Prism v.8
    GraphPad Prism
    suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)
    (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA) to plot graphs and to perform statistical analysis using linear regression.
    GraphPad
    suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)
    All the analyses were performed using the software SPSS, version 19 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
    SPSS
    suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  2. Version published to 10.1101/2021.02.04.429711v1 on bioRxiv