Clinical and spatial characteristics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome by COVID-19 in Indigenous of Brazil

  1. Daniele Melo Sardinha
  2. Karla Valéria Batista Lima
  3. Ana Lúcia da Silva Ferreira
  4. Juliana Conceição Dias Garcez
  5. Thalyta Mariany Rêgo Lopes Ueno
  6. Yan Corrêa Rodrigues
  7. Anderson Lineu Siqueira dos Santos
  8. Rosane do Socorro Pompeu de Loiola
  9. Ricardo José de Paula Souza e Guimarães
  10. Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima

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Abstract

The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan in China in December 2019, causing severe pneumonias and deaths, soon in March 2020 it reached pandemic level, affecting several countries including Brazil. The disease was named COVID-19, with characteristics of most infected having mild and moderate symptoms and a part severe symptom. The disease has already reached 158 ethnic groups, which have high vulnerability and limited access to health services. The objective is to investigate the clinical and spatial characteristics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome of COVID-19 in the indigenous peoples of Brazil. It is an epidemiological, cross-sectional, analytical ecological study, based on data from the OpenDataSUS platform from 01/01/2020 to 31/08/2020. Profile variables, signs and symptoms and risk factors/comorbidities. The data were analyzed by Bioestat 5.3. There were 1,207 cases and 470 deaths. Profile: male gender (59.48%) means age 53 years. Signs and symptoms: fever (74.23%), cough (77.71%), sore throat (35.62%), dyspnea (69.34%), respiratory discomfort (62.80%), O2 saturation <95% (56.42%); and associated with mortality: dyspnea (80.0%) and O2 saturation <95% (69.36%). Risk factors and comorbidities (45.89%) were associated with deaths (54.04%). Comorbidities: Chronic Cardiovascular Disease (18.97%) and Diabetes Mellitus (18.97%), and associated with deaths: Chronic Cardiovascular Disease (24.46%). Being admitted to the ICU has a risk of death in (OR-3.96-<0.0001-CI-2,913/5,383) followed by not being vaccinated against influenza (OR-1.85-<0.0001-CI-1,358/2,528). The public and health policies of Brazil should be directed to control the dissemination of COVID-19 in this population, that COVID-19 evolves in the same intensity, however, the indigenous have vulnerabilities that can increase the impact of the pan-demic in this population.

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  1. Version published to 10.1101/2020.10.24.20218701v4 on medRxiv
  2. ScreenIT

    SciScore for 10.1101/2020.10.24.20218701: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Institutional Review Board Statementnot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    The bank was obtained from the OpenDataSUS platform in Excel 2019 format, on the date of 09/05/2020, with the last update on 08-31/2020, the bank refers to SARS cases from 01/01/2020 to 08-31/2020.
    Excel
    suggested: None

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    The limitation of this research is that there are no studies of SARS by COVID-19 in the indigenous population, and it is not possible to compare the variables, however, it was possible to compare the clinical characteristics with other ethnic groups or even general. As well, it was shown the similarity in the different population groups, showing that COVID-19 presents in the same intensity and needs attention in these groups as indigenous since these people have limited access to health services, as well as the prevalence of other diseases that can potentialize the complications of COVID-19.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  3. Version published to 10.4236/aid.2021.114039
  4. Version published to 10.1101/2020.10.24.20218701v3 on medRxiv
  5. Version published to 10.1101/2020.10.24.20218701v2 on medRxiv
  6. Version published to 10.1101/2020.10.24.20218701v1 on medRxiv