Vinegar and Its Active Component Acetic Acid Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vitro and Ex Vivo
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Abstract
Effective and economical measures are needed to either prevent or inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, in the upper respiratory tract. As fumigation of vinegar at low concentration (0.34%) ameliorated the symptoms of mild SARS-CoV-2 infection, we tested in vitro the potential antiviral activity of vinegar and of its active component, acetic acid. We here demonstrate that both vinegar and acetic acid indeed strongly inactivate SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in Vero cells. Furthermore, vinegar treatment caused a 90% inhibition of the infectious titer when directly applied to a nasopharyngeal swab transfer medium of a COVID-19 patient. These effects were potentiated if conduced at a temperature of 45 °C vs. 37 °C, a condition that is transiently generated in the upper respiratory tract during fumigation. Our findings are consistent and extend the results of studies performed in the early and mid-20 th century on the disinfectant capacity of organic acids and can provide an affordable home-made aid to prevent or contain SARS-CoV-2 infection of the upper respiratory tract.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2020.07.08.193193: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Experimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Twenty-four h later, 50 plaque forming units (PFU) of a previously titrated SARS-CoV-2 isolate (GISAID accession ID: EPI_ISL_413489) were added to vinegar (from 0.28% to 0.008%) or acetic acid (from 0.1 to 0.5%) serially diluted (1:2) in PBS and incubated for 15 min at either 37 °C or 45 °C before addition to confluent Vero cells. Verosuggested: CLS Cat# 605372/p622_VERO, RRID:CVCL_0059)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. …
SciScore for 10.1101/2020.07.08.193193: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Experimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Twenty-four h later, 50 plaque forming units (PFU) of a previously titrated SARS-CoV-2 isolate (GISAID accession ID: EPI_ISL_413489) were added to vinegar (from 0.28% to 0.008%) or acetic acid (from 0.1 to 0.5%) serially diluted (1:2) in PBS and incubated for 15 min at either 37 °C or 45 °C before addition to confluent Vero cells. Verosuggested: CLS Cat# 605372/p622_VERO, RRID:CVCL_0059)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No funding statement was detected.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
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