CPC-containing oral rinses inactivate SARS-CoV-2 variants and are active in the presence of human saliva
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Abstract
Introduction. The importance of human saliva in aerosol-based transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is now widely recognized. However, little is known about the efficacy of virucidal mouthwash formulations against emergent SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and in the presence of saliva.
Hypothesis. Mouthwashes containing virucidal actives will have similar inactivation effects against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and will retain efficacy in the presence of human saliva.
Aim. To examine in vitro efficacy of mouthwash formulations to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Methodology. Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 variants by mouthwash formulations in the presence or absence of human saliva was assayed using ASTM International Standard E1052-20 methodology.
Results. Appropriately formulated mouthwashes containing 0.07 % cetylpyridinium chloride but not 0.2 % chlorhexidine completely inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (USA-WA1/2020, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta) up to the limit of detection in suspension assays. Tests using USA-WA1/2020 indicates that efficacy is maintained in the presence of human saliva.
Conclusions. Together these data suggest cetylpyridinium chloride-based mouthwashes are effective at inactivating SARS-CoV-2 variants. This indicates potential to reduce viral load in the oral cavity and mitigate transmission via salivary aerosols.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2021.08.05.455040: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics IRB: Preparation of Saliva: Stimulated saliva was collected at Unilever Research Port Sunlight, with ethical approval from the Unilever R&D Port Sunlight Independent Ethics Committee (GEN 022 13), collected during November 2019 from 11 donors over 2 days. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Experimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Cell Culture and Viruses: Vero E6 cells (C1008: African green monkey kidney cells) obtained from Public Health England, were maintained in Dulbecco’s minimal essential medium (DMEM) with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) and … SciScore for 10.1101/2021.08.05.455040: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics IRB: Preparation of Saliva: Stimulated saliva was collected at Unilever Research Port Sunlight, with ethical approval from the Unilever R&D Port Sunlight Independent Ethics Committee (GEN 022 13), collected during November 2019 from 11 donors over 2 days. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Experimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Cell Culture and Viruses: Vero E6 cells (C1008: African green monkey kidney cells) obtained from Public Health England, were maintained in Dulbecco’s minimal essential medium (DMEM) with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) and 0.05mg/ml gentamicin. Vero E6suggested: RRID:CVCL_XD71)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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