ACUTE BIPHENOTYPIC LEUKEMIA: A CASE REPORT AT THE MOHAMMED V MILITARY TRAINING HOSPITAL IN RABAT

Acute biphenotypic leukemias (BAL) are characterized by the co-expression, on the same blasts, of membrane or cytoplasmic molecules belonging to at least two cellular lineages (B lymphoid, T lymphoid, or myeloid). However, their terminology remains inconsistent, with varied designations such as "mixed leukemias," "hybrid leukemias," "My+ALL," or "Ly+AML." A more precise term would be "chimeric leukemias," distinct from biclonal leukemias or those with aberrant expression of specific markers. We present here a case of acute biphenotypic leukemia, emphasizing the importance of combining hematological cytology and immunophenotyping for an accurate diagnosis. The patient, a 23-year-old male with a history of chronic smoking, presented with physical fatigue associated with headaches, dizziness, and a general deterioration of health. Additionally, an anemic syndrome characterized by mucocutaneous pallor was observed.