Comparative analysis of virulence factors at the genomic level in SARS-CoV and COVID 19

The COVID 19 pandemic has been a catastrophic incidence in the year 2020. This will be remembered in the history of mankind. The rate at which the viral infection has spread is remarkable and needs control. It has been noted to spread even in the asymptomatic phase of the disease and has been tilted towards the older genre. Previously SARS-CoV belonging to the same family had emerged in 2003, but this time a more infectious strain has arisen which led to more than 7.5 million cases and 425 thousand deaths. What must have been the adaptations of the novel coronavirus for the zoonotic spillover? The question of the exact origin remains unanswered. Even after so many advancements in medical science, the vaccine is yet in the trial phase. The main causative factor cannot be limited to the genetic mutations but also to the environmental factors which have led to the development of increased virulence. This paper presents the main differences between the major pathogenic proteins between SARS-CoV and SARS –CoV 2 and formulates a hypothesis of why these two being closely related are still not the same and therefore these small differences need to be taken into account for vaccine development or for targeting drugs. It has been a trend to see a pandemic every 100 years. These small differences might predict future changes and may lead to concrete investigations in terms of the exact mechanisms of most of the proteins with unknown functions.