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  1. AI-Driven Gamified and Non-Gamified Platforms in EFL Listening: Comparative Effects of Duolingo and Replika on Comprehension, Engagement, and Motivation

    This article has 1 author:
    1. Aliakbar Tajik
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    Dr Aliakbar Tajik

    This study is significant because it addresses one of the core challenges in learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL)—listening comprehension—by comparing two distinct AI‑based approaches: a gamified platform (Duolingo) and a non‑gamified platform (Replika). Such a comparison not only clarifies which approach is more effective in enhancing learners’ listening skills but also reveals how each influences motivation and engagement. By simultaneously examining cognitive outcomes (skill improvement) and affective–behavioral factors (willingness to persist in learning), the research offers practical and strategic insights for teachers, curriculum designers, and educational technology developers.