EFFECTS OF MULTIMODAL BALANCE TRAINING WITH AND WITHOUT AUDITORY CUES ON BALANCE, GAIT MOBILITY, RISK OF FALL AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC STROKE
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Background
Stroke is a neurological disorder which is defined as the sudden onset of focused or global disruptions in functions of brain caused due to vascular issue which lasts more than 24 hours or sometimes leading to death.
Objective
To determine the effects of multimodal balance training with and without auditory cues on balance, gait mobility, risk of fall and quality of life in patients with chronic stroke.
Methodology
This randomized controlled trial, conducted at Islam Teaching Hospital and Idrees Hospital Cant. Sialkot, Pakistan, included 21 stroke survivors per group, 42 in total, (aged 45-70, 1-year post-stroke) using non-probability convenient sampling. Group A received multimodal balance training with auditory cues, while Group B received the same training without cues for 12 weeks. Exclusion criteria included respiratory or orthopedic conditions, cognitive disorders (MMSE < 24), aphasia, non-healing ulcers, or osteoporosis. Outcomes (Berg Balance Scale, Time Up and Go Test, Fall Efficacy Scale-International, Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale) were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks.
Results
Group A (with auditory cues) showed statistically significant improvements in balance (Berg Balance Scale: median 21 to 47.5, p < .001), gait mobility (Time Up and Go Test: median 26 to 11 seconds, p < .001), fall risk (Fall Efficacy Scale-International: median 61 to 17, p < .001), and quality of life (Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale: median 91 to 176.5, p < .001) over 12 weeks, outperforming Group B (without auditory cues) in all measures (p < .001 for balance, gait, and fall risk; p = 0.001 and p < .001 for quality of life at 6 and 12 weeks, respectively).
Conclusion
Chronic stroke treatments including multimodal balance training with auditory cues have demonstrated significant advantages over a 12-week therapy session. The results demonstrate significant improvements in balance, gait mobility, risk of fall, and quality of life in chronic stroke survivors.
